On a mechanism for the formation of VLF electrostatic emissions in the high latitude F-region

Physics

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Electrostatic Waves, F Region, Magnetohydrodynamic Stability, Polar Regions, Very Low Frequencies, Bessel Functions, Distribution Functions, Ion Distribution, Nyquist Frequencies, Plasma Frequencies, Velocity Distribution

Scientific paper

The presence of highly anisotropic ion velocity distributions in the weakly-ionized plasma of strongly convecting areas of the high latitude F-region leads to the excitation of electrostatic microinstabilities at frequencies of the order of the lower hybrid frequency and smaller. The threshold conditions for the excitation of the unstable waves under various physical circumstances are estimated. For some representative conditions the frequencies, growth rates, and wavelengths for the fastest growing modes are calculated by using the linear approximation. The present theory breaks down in regions where the plasma cannot be treated as locally homogeneous. The altitude range over which the theory is applicable also varies with conditions. For highly disturbed conditions the upper altitude limit may be as high as 400 km.

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