Physics
Scientific paper
Jul 1976
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1976jgr....81.3221t&link_type=abstract
Journal of Geophysical Research, vol. 81, July 1, 1976, p. 3221-3226.
Physics
3
Earth Magnetosphere, Ionospheric Electron Density, Ionospheric Heating, Plasma Temperature, Geomagnetic Latitude, Kp Index, Magnetic Storms, Northern Hemisphere, Temperature Distribution, Vertical Distribution, Winter
Scientific paper
Values of electron density and plasma temperature were obtained from 60,000 Alouette 1 ionograms for the solar minimum years 1962-1965 with a view toward studying changes in the topside ionosphere associated with the magnetospheric cleft. Most results are for winter day conditions in the Northern Hemisphere. Daytime electron densities at a height of 1000 km show an increase of typically about 50% in a narrow band a few degrees wide at geomagnetic latitudes near 77 deg. This increase is caused entirely by expansion of the topside ionosphere through increased plasma temperatures with no large change in density at the peak of the F layer. On winter days the increase in temperature beneath the cleft is about 54% at 1000 km and 25% at 400 km, whereas in summer the temperature increases are only half as large. The increase in vertical temperature gradient shows that heat is flowing down from great heights. Increases in magnetic activity reduce the latitude of the temperature peak by about 2 deg per unit Kp.
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