The Lorentz polarisation term for ionospheric and magnetospheric electromagnetic propagation

Physics

Scientific paper

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Electromagnetic Wave Transmission, Ionospheric Propagation, Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling, Polarization Characteristics, Electric Fields, Electron Acceleration, Free Electrons, Orbit Perturbation

Scientific paper

An overview of the controversy surrounding the Lorentz polarization term is presented. It was contended in a study by Darwin (1943) that it was important to consider the dynamical situation and that the radiation-produced perturbations of the orbits of the free electrons produce an effective acceleration which is equal and opposite to that which would result from the polarization field. It is shown that Darwin's proof breaks down when applied to an ionized medium in which there is a loss-cone distribution or where diffusion is occurring. It can be successfully extended to include multicomponent plasmas where the finite mass of the ions is considered even where there are negative as well as positive ions. The arguments of Fejer (1985) to the effect that the retention of a Lorentz term would both violate causality and lead to an absurd result in the limit of zero frequency are discussed and shown not to preclude the existence of an anti-Lorentz term or even a Lorentz term with positive l if l disappears at or above zero frequency.

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