Entropy mapping of the outer electron radiation belt between the magnetotail and geosynchronous orbit

Details Entropy mapping of the outer electron radiation belt between the magnetotail and geosynchronous orbit Entropy mapping of the outer electron radiation belt between the magnetotail and geosynchronous orbit

Jun 2011

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2011jgra..11606216b&link_type=abstract

Journal of Geophysical Research, Volume 116, Issue A6, CiteID A06216

Physics

Plasma Physics

2

Magnetospheric Physics: Radiation Belts, Space Plasma Physics: Transport Processes, Space Plasma Physics: Charged Particle Motion And Acceleration, Magnetospheric Physics: Magnetotail, Magnetospheric Physics: Energetic Particles: Trapped

Scientific paper

The specific entropy (entropy density) S is examined for the outer electron radiation belt at geosynchronous orbit and for the energetic electron population in the Earth's magnetotail. The outer electron radiation belt is measured with the SOPA detectors on board six geosynchronous satellites and the energetic electrons of the magnetotail are measured with instrumentation on board 12 Global Positioning Satellites (GPS) with a magnetic field model used to map the GPS orbit to the magnetotail. Density n and temperature T values are determined from relativistic Maxwellian fits to the electron measurements, enabling the specific entropy S to be calculated. For low temperatures the nonrelativstic specific entropy is S = T/n2/3; for a relativistic Maxwellian distribution a relativistically correct expression for S = S(T,n) is derived and used. The outer electron radiation belt at geosynchronous orbit local midnight (n ˜ 3 × 10-4 cm-3 and T ˜ 140 keV) and the energetic-electron population in the magnetotail (n ˜ 1 × 10-4 cm-3 and T ˜ 50 keV) statistically have the same specific entropy. Hence the two populations are probably the same. This implies adiabatic transport (1) from the magnetotail to the dipole (where the magnetotail electrons are the source of the outer electron radiation belt) or (2) from the dipole to the magnetotail (where the magnetotail electrons are leakage from the radiation belt).

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