Three-dimensional ionospheric electron density structure of the Weddell Sea Anomaly

Details Three-dimensional ionospheric electron density structure of the Weddell Sea Anomaly Three-dimensional ionospheric electron density structure of the Weddell Sea Anomaly

Feb 2009

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2009jgra..11402312l&link_type=abstract

Journal of Geophysical Research, Volume 114, Issue A2, CiteID A02312

Physics

14

Ionosphere: Midlatitude Ionosphere, Ionosphere: Ionospheric Dynamics, Ionosphere: Active Experiments, Ionosphere: Ionospheric Irregularities

Scientific paper

This paper provides the first three-dimensional description of the ionospheric density structure of the Weddell Sea Anomaly (WSA). The WSA is characterized by a nighttime ionospheric density greater than that in daytime in the Weddell Sea region around the Antarctic Peninsula during the southern hemisphere summer. It was first observed by ground-based ionosondes located in the Antarctica back in the 1950s and was further investigated by two-dimensional maps over the oceans using TEC measurements collected by the TOPEX/Poseidon recently. Although these TEC maps have provided two-dimensional views for tracking the time-evolution and spatial coverage of the WSA, the vertical distribution of this peculiar feature is still unavailable. With the vertical ionospheric density profiles observed by the FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC, three-dimensional density structure of the WSA is presented here for the first time. Meanwhile, a similar WSA signature is observed in the northern and eastern hemisphere during June solstice by both the GPS-TEC and the FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC electron density observations. From the observed altitudinal structure of the WSA during 1800-2400 LT and the similar feature occurred in the opposite hemisphere suggest that the southward offset of the magnetic equator with respect to the geographic equator plays a major role for the WSA formation.

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