The theory of the correlation of amplitude fluctuations of radio signals at two frequencies, simultaneously scattered by the ionosphere

Physics

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Scientific paper

The signal received at the ground from a satellite or radio star shows small fluctuations of amplitude produced by scattering from irregularities of refractive index in the ionosphere. Formulae are derived for the normalized correlation coefficient of the amplitude fluctuations of signals received simultaneously on two frequencies at a single fixed receiving point. The source is assumed to be infinitely distant, but the formulae can be modified so as to apply to a source such as an artificial satellite at a finite distance from the earth. Results are presented which show how the correlation coefficient depends on the frequencies, the angle of incidence, the size of the irregularities and the thickness of the scattering layer, both for statistically isotropic irregularities and for elongated irregularities aligned parallel to the earth's magnetic field.

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