Adaptive smoothing lengths in SPH

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Hydrodynamics, Methods: Numerical, Stars: Oscillations

Scientific paper

Context: There is a need to improve the fidelity of SPH simulations of self-gravitating gas dynamics. Aims: We remind users of SPH that, if smoothing lengths are adjusted so as to keep the number of neighbours, N, in the range NNEIB±ΔNNEIB, the tolerance, ΔNNEIB, should be set to zero, as first noted by Nelson & Papaloizou. We point out that this is a very straightforward and computationally inexpensive constraint to implement. Methods: We demonstrate this by simulating acoustic oscillations of a self-gravitating isentropic monatomic gas-sphere (cf. Lucy), using NTOT˜6000 particles and NNEIB=50. Results: We show that there is a marked reduction in the rates of numerical dissipation and diffusion as ΔNNEIB is reduced from 10 to zero. Moreover this reduction incurs a very small computational overhead. Conclusions: .We propose that this should become a standard test for codes used in simulating star formation. It is a highly relevant test, because pressure waves generated by the switch from approximate isothermality to approximate adiabaticity play a critical role in the fragmentation of collapsing prestellar cores. Since many SPH simulations in the literature use NNEIB=50 and ΔNNEIB≥10, their results must be viewed with caution.

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