Complementarity and quantum erasure with dispersive atom-field interactions

Physics

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Nonclassical States Of The Electromagnetic Field, Including Entangled Photon States, Quantum State Engineering And Measurements

Scientific paper

The "welcher Weg" (which-path) detector as described by Scully et al.

[Nature 351, 111 (1991)
] employs a pair of initially empty micromaser cavities placed in front of a double-slit apparatus in an atomic interferometer. Laser excited atoms spontaneously emit a photon into either cavity thereby marking the atoms' path and thereby destroying the interference. I propose an alternative method wherein at least one of the cavities is prepared in a coherent state with a strong amplitude. Which-path information is obtained by a nonresonant, dispersive type of atom-field interaction associated with quantum nondemolition measurements. Ground-state atoms passing through the cavity remain in the ground state but impart a phase shift to the cavity fields. Velocity selection is shown to affect the visibility of the fringes. An associated quantum eraser is also discussed.

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