Physics – Nuclear Physics – Nuclear Experiment
Scientific paper
2011-02-11
J.Phys.Conf.Ser.299:012002,2011
Physics
Nuclear Physics
Nuclear Experiment
20 pages, 9 figures; Chapter in the book "A decade of Physics at Jefferson Lab", to be published in Journal of Physics: Confer
Scientific paper
10.1088/1742-6596/299/1/012002
The charge and magnetization distributions of the proton and neutron are encoded in their elastic electromagnetic form factors, which can be measured in elastic electron--nucleon scattering. By measuring the form factors, we probe the spatial distribution of the proton charge and magnetization, providing the most direct connection to the spatial distribution of quarks inside the proton. For decades, the form factors were probed through measurements of unpolarized elastic electron scattering, but by the 1980s, progress slowed dramatically due to the intrinsic limitations of the unpolarized measurements. Early measurements at several laboratories demonstrated the feasibility and power of measurements using polarization degrees of freedom to probe the spatial structure of the nucleon. A program of polarization measurements at Jefferson Lab led to a renaissance in the field of study, and significant new insight into the structure of matter.
Arrington John
de Jager Kees
Perdrisat Charles F.
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