The mechanism of ``halo'' formation in a hadron block of X-ray calorimeters

Physics – Nuclear Physics

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Scientific paper

A century after their discovery the origin of cosmic rays still remains unknown. A new era has been opened up in extragalactic astronomy and high energy astrophysics with the new report on TeV gamma rays observed by Whipple (TeV) and EGRET (GeV). One of the possible ways to investigate the characteristics of high energy interactions (E0>1016eV) with the use of X-ray emulsion chambers is to observe the `halo' phenomenon. It has been shown in our calculations that the discrepancies in the shapes of haloes (blackening of X-ray films) and in the development of a halo at different depths in a chamber may be used for effective separation of the showers initiated by high energy photons and by charged particles (Fe, p). Most of the results presented below were obtained from fixed experimental devices and with calculations made especially for them. In Monte Carlo simulations both physical processes and features of a definite experiment have been taken into consideration.

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