On the Origin of Flow Induced by Nonlinear Alfven Waves in an Exponentially Stratified Medium

Physics

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Resonant Wave Behavior

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This dissertation presents the development of a self-consistent, nonlinear, time-dependent, magnetohydrodynamic numerical code and its application to the investigation of Alfven wave behavior in a smoothly stratified and magnetized medium with physical parameters approximating solar coronal holes. Emphasis is given to studies of resonant wave behavior and the origin of flow induced by both freely propagating and partially reflected monochromatic Alfven waves. The onset and subsequent development of this induced flow is calculated directly for the first time, in both the linear and nonlinear regimes. Previous analytical methods have been limited to the linear regime and/or steady-state approximation and have inferred energy transfer to the longitudinal mode from the decrease in the Poynting flux associated with the transverse mode. Time-dependent numerical studies either considered only linear perturbations or inferred the energy transferred to the longitudinal mode based on calculations for the transverse mode, rather than determining longitudinal effects directly. The results of these investigations show that a resonance behavior exists, primarily due to continuous partial reflection experienced by the Alfven wave as it propagates through the atmosphere into a region where the wavelength approaches the scale height of the medium. Waves having periods corresponding to resonant peaks exert considerably more force on the medium than off-peak period waves, resulting in enhanced flow. For the segment of atmosphere considered, the more reflection experienced by the wave, the greater the enhanced flow. If only off-peak periods are considered, the relationship between the wave period and induced longitudinal velocity shows that short period WKB waves push more on the medium than longer, non-WKB waves. However, the increase in flow due to resonance effects at longer wave periods is much greater in magnitude. This enhanced flow at resonant periods could contribute to the observationally required acceleration of the solar wind originating from coronal holes. The resulting wave energy transferred to the longitudinal mode may also provide a source of localized heating via longitudinal wave steepening and subsequent shock dissipation.

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