Numerical modelling of the transition from fissure- to central-type activity on volcanoes: a case study from Salina Island, Italy

Details Numerical modelling of the transition from fissure- to central-type activity on volcanoes: a case study from Salina Island, Italy Numerical modelling of the transition from fissure- to central-type activity on volcanoes: a case study from Salina Island, Italy

Aug 2001

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2001pepi..124..213q&link_type=abstract

Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Volume 124, Issue 3-4, p. 213-221.

Physics

4

Scientific paper

The evolution of the Rivi-Capo volcanic complex (Aeolian Archipelago) is characterised by a two-stage activity. Early phases of activity developed along a 1.5km long eruptive fissure, whereas the later phase occurred from a central conduit. Geological and structural data indicate that the transition from fissure- to central-type activity was almost continuous in time, and no changes in the composition of the erupted products has been observed. Such a transition cannot be explained as a consequence of (a) flow localisation along a dike due to viscosity variation, or (b) emplacement of a magma reservoir by intersecting propagating cracks, or (c) re-orientation of the stress within the volcano due to gravity processes. In order to explain the change in vent geometry, a finite-element model has been developed which, using reliable parameters for basaltic rocks, accounts for a progressive melting of the host rocks enhanced by the flow of hot magma in the partially molten region. The proposed model allows one to explain the transition from fissure to central vent activity observed at Rivi-Capo as well as on other volcanoes.

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