The DC magnetic field observations at the earth's bow shock

Physics

Scientific paper

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Bow Waves, Earth (Planet), Interplanetary Magnetic Fields, Shock Waves, Earth Magnetosphere, Plasma Interactions, Satellite Observation, Shock Fronts, Solar Wind

Scientific paper

Bow shock observations were organized into two major classes of quasi-perpendicular and quasiparallel structures (according to the value of the angle theta between the normal to the shock surface and the interplanetary magnetic field). Quasi-perpendicular (theta 50 deg) encounters were identified by monotonic sharp transitions of the magnetic field. The ratio of field magnitudes on the two sides of the shocks ranged between 2 and 4 in the near earth region. A small amplitude precursor wave was often observed in the upstream region. Quasiparallel encounters (theta 50 deg) were accompanied by periodic fluctuations of the magnetic field whose amplitude was often so large that it was comparable with the expected shock gradient. Distant observations confirm the existence of a regular shock structure up to the equivalent of 440 earth radii downstream from the earth. Locations of the shock encounters are in good agreement with the usual gasdynamic models.

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