Photometric study of mutual phenomena of Galilean satellites

Physics – Optics

Scientific paper

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Astronomical Photometry, Eclipses, Jupiter (Planet), Natural Satellites, Occultation, Astronomical Photography, Brightness, Cassegrain Optics, Electrophotometry, Jupiter Atmosphere, Light Curve, Planetary Atmospheres

Scientific paper

Two mutual occultations and four mutual eclipses of Galilean satellites were observed with a photoelectric photometer mounted on a 60-cm Cassegrain telescope. Formulas are presented for the occulted areas and brightness corresponding to various occultation configurations, and the brightness distribution over the apparent disk of an occulted satellite is calculated. A drop in the combined visual magnitude of two satellites is measured which is much larger than predicted values. It is shown that the occulted satellite J2 has a basically uniform disk with some limb brightening, no atmosphere or a very thin atmospheric layer, and a possible concave area on its surface. Theoretical light curves are calculated and compared with observed curves, and the radius of J2 is obtained by iteration.

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