On the suppression of monopole production in the very early universe

Physics – Nuclear Physics

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

We investigate the effects of thermal fluctuations near the phase transition corresponding to the breakdown of a grand unified gauge group G to G' × U(1) in the very early Universe, especially as regards the production of superheavy monopoles. Using SU(5) as a generic example of a grand unified theory, we find that this will be strongly suppressed for a reasonable range of parameters appearing in the Higgs potential. Allowing for a dynamical Higgs mechanism, leading to a considerable ratio of Higgs particle to leptoquark boson masses, the number of produced monopoles will be negligible.

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