Breakdown of the semiclassical approximation at the black hole horizon

Details Breakdown of the semiclassical approximation at the black hole horizon Breakdown of the semiclassical approximation at the black hole horizon

1994-08-05

arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/9408039v2

Phys.Rev.D51:1764-1780,1995

Physics

High Energy Physics

High Energy Physics - Theory

Latex, 31 pages + 5 uuencoded figures

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevD.51.1764

The definition of matter states on spacelike hypersurfaces of a 1+1 dimensional black hole spacetime is considered. The effect of small quantum fluctuations of the mass of the black hole due to the quantum nature of the infalling matter is taken into account. It is then shown that the usual approximation of treating the gravitational field as a classical background on which matter is quantized, breaks down near the black hole horizon. Specifically, on any hypersurface that captures both infalling matter near the horizon and Hawking radiation, quantum fluctuations in the background geometry become important, and a semiclassical calculation is inconsistent. An estimate of the size of correlations between the matter and gravity states shows that they are so strong that a fluctuation in the black hole mass of order exp[-M/M_{Planck}] produces a macroscopic change in the matter state.

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