Quantum communication based on orthogonal states enables quantum bit commitment

Details Quantum communication based on orthogonal states enables quantum bit commitment Quantum communication based on orthogonal states enables quantum bit commitment

2011-01-24

arxiv.org/abs/1101.4587v2

Physics

Quantum Physics

Added that our protocol is fault-tolerant. Thus it could be the most feasible QBC protocol to date. Also added two recent refe

Scientific paper

For more than a decade, it was believed that unconditionally secure quantum bit commitment (QBC) is impossible. But basing on a formerly proposed quantum communication scheme using orthogonal states, here we build a QBC protocol in which the density matrices of the quantum states encoding the commitment do not satisfy a crucial condition on which the impossibility proofs of QBC are based. Thus unconditional security can be achieved. Our protocol is very feasible with currently available technology and is fault-tolerant. It re-opens the venue for other "post-cold-war" multi-party cryptographic protocols, e.g., unconditionally secure quantum bit string commitment and quantum strong coin tossing with an arbitrarily small bias. This result also has a strong influence on the Clifton-Bub-Halvorson theorem which suggests that quantum theory could be characterized in terms of information-theoretic constraints.

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