Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Theory
Scientific paper
2010-02-16
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Theory
39 pages, 12 figures; Lectures at the 5th Aegean summer school, "From gravity to thermal gauge theories: the AdS/CFT correspon
Scientific paper
I review two classes of strong coupling problems in condensed matter physics, and describe insights gained by application of the AdS/CFT correspondence. The first class concerns non-zero temperature dynamics and transport in the vicinity of quantum critical points described by relativistic field theories. I describe how relativistic structures arise in models of physical interest, present results for their quantum critical crossover functions and magneto-thermoelectric hydrodynamics. The second class concerns symmetry breaking transitions of two-dimensional systems in the presence of gapless electronic excitations at isolated points or along lines (i.e. Fermi surfaces) in the Brillouin zone. I describe the scaling structure of a recent theory of the Ising-nematic transition in metals, and discuss its possible connection to theories of Fermi surfaces obtained from simple AdS duals.
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