Physics – Quantum Physics
Scientific paper
2009-06-16
Physics
Quantum Physics
16 pages. Talk presented at the Koli Workhsop on `Partial Electromagnetic Coherence and 3D Polarization'
Scientific paper
The Mueller-Stokes formalism which governs conventional polarization optics is formulated for plane waves, and thus the only qualification one could demand of a $4\times 4$ real matrix $M$ in order that it qualifies to be the Mueller matrix of some physical system is that $M$ should map $\Omega^{({\rm pol})}$, the positive cone of Stokes vectors, into itself. In view of growing current interest in the characterization of partially coherent partially polarized electromagnetic beams, there is need to extend this formalism to such beams wherein the polarization and spatial dependence are generically inseparably intertwined. This inseparability or non-quantum entanglement brings in additional constraints that a pre-Mueller matrix $M$ mapping $\Omega^{({\rm pol})}$ into itself needs to meet in order that it is an acceptable physical Mueller matrix. These additional constraints are motivated and fully characterized.
Borghi Riccardo
Gori Fabio
Mukunda N.
Santarsiero Massimo
Simon Neethi B.
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