Private Quantum Channels and the Cost of Randomizing Quantum Information

Details Private Quantum Channels and the Cost of Randomizing Quantum Information Private Quantum Channels and the Cost of Randomizing Quantum Information

2000-03-22

arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0003101v2

Physics

Quantum Physics

LaTeX, 10 pages. Minor changes in the typesetting and references

Scientific paper

We investigate how a classical private key can be used by two players, connected by an insecure one-way quantum channel, to perform private communication of quantum information. In particular we show that in order to transmit n qubits privately, 2n bits of shared private key are necessary and sufficient. This result may be viewed as the quantum analogue of the classical one-time pad encryption scheme. From the point of view of the eavesdropper, this encryption process can be seen as a randomization of the original state. We thus also obtain strict bounds on the amount of entropy necessary for randomizing n qubits.

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