Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Scientific paper
2005-11-30
Nucl.Phys. A774 (2006) 315-324
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
10 pages, 2 figures, based on invited talks given at the "Quark Matter 2005" Conference, Budapest, Hungary, 4-9 August 2005, a
Scientific paper
10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2006.06.051
A new thermalization scenario for heavy ion collisions is discussed. It is based on the Hawking--Unruh effect: an observer moving with an acceleration $a$ experiences the influence of a thermal bath with an effective temperature $T = a / 2\pi$, similar to the one present in the vicinity of a black hole horizon. In the case of heavy ion collisions, the acceleration is caused by a pulse of chromo--electric field $E \sim Q_s^2/g$ ($Q_s$ is the saturation scale, and $g$ is the strong coupling), the typical acceleration is $a \sim Q_s$, and the heat bath temperature is $T \simeq Q_s / 2\pi \sim 200$ MeV. In nuclear collisions at sufficiently high energies the effect can induce a rapid thermalization over the time period of $\tau \sim \pi/Q_s $ accompanied by phase transitions. A specific example of chiral symmetry restoration induced by the chromo--electric field is considered; it is mathematically analogous to the phase transition occurring in the vicinity of a black hole.
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