Null energy condition and superluminal propagation

Details Null energy condition and superluminal propagation Null energy condition and superluminal propagation

2005-12-20

arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0512260v2

JHEP0603:025,2006

Physics

High Energy Physics

High Energy Physics - Theory

46 pages, 6 figures

Scientific paper

10.1088/1126-6708/2006/03/025

We study whether a violation of the null energy condition necessarily implies the presence of instabilities. We prove that this is the case in a large class of situations, including isotropic solids and fluids relevant for cosmology. On the other hand we present several counter-examples of consistent effective field theories possessing a stable background where the null energy condition is violated. Two necessary features of these counter-examples are the lack of isotropy of the background and the presence of superluminal modes. We argue that many of the properties of massive gravity can be understood by associating it to a solid at the edge of violating the null energy condition. We briefly analyze the difficulties of mimicking $\dot H>0$ in scalar tensor theories of gravity.

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