Fault-tolerant quantum computation

Details Fault-tolerant quantum computation Fault-tolerant quantum computation

1997-12-19

arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9712048v1

Physics

Quantum Physics

58 pages with 7 PostScript figures, LaTeX, uses sprocl.sty and psfig, to appear in "Introduction to Quantum Computation," edit

Scientific paper

The discovery of quantum error correction has greatly improved the long-term prospects for quantum computing technology. Encoded quantum information can be protected from errors that arise due to uncontrolled interactions with the environment, or due to imperfect implementations of quantum logical operations. Recovery from errors can work effectively even if occasional mistakes occur during the recovery procedure. Furthermore, encoded quantum information can be processed without serious propagation of errors. In principle, an arbitrarily long quantum computation can be performed reliably, provided that the average probability of error per gate is less than a certain critical value, the accuracy threshold. It may be possible to incorporate intrinsic fault tolerance into the design of quantum computing hardware, perhaps by invoking topological Aharonov-Bohm interactions to process quantum information.

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