Particle production from Q-balls

Details Particle production from Q-balls Particle production from Q-balls

2005-10-06

arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0510078v6

Nucl.Phys. B756 (2006) 38-70

Physics

High Energy Physics

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology

Scientific paper

10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2006.08.019

Non topological solitons, Q-balls can arise in many particle theories with U(1) global symmetries. As was shown by Cohen et al. \cite{Qballscohen}, if the corresponding scalar field couples to massless fermions, large Q-balls are unstable and evaporate, producing a fermion flux proportional to the Q-ball's surface. In this paper we analyse Q-ball instabilities as a function of Q-ball size ans fermion mass. In particular, we construct an exact quantum-mechanical description of the evaporating Q-ball. This new construction provides an alternative method to compute Q-Ball's evaporation rates. We shall also find the new expression for the upper bound on evaporation as a function of the produced fermion mass and study the effects of Q ball's size on particle production.

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