Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Scientific paper
1993-05-06
Phys.Rev. D48 (1993) 3843-3851
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
20 pages in LaTeX + 3 figures (fugures not included, hardcopy available on request), TPI-MINN-93/20-T
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevD.48.3843
The amplitude of production of $n$ on-mass-shell scalar bosons by a highly virtual field $\phi$ is considered in a $\lambda \phi^4$ theory with weak coupling $\lambda$ and spontaneously broken symmetry. The amplitude of this process is known to have an $n!$ growth when the produced bosons are exactly at rest. Here it is shown that for $n \gg 1/\lambda$ the process goes through `quantum bubbles', i.e. quantized droplets of a different vacuum phase, which are non-perturbative resonant states of the field $\phi$. The bubbles provide a form factor for the production amplitude, which rapidly decreases above the threshold. As a result the probability of the process may be heavily suppressed and may decrease with energy $E$ as $\exp (-const \cdot E^a)$, where the power $a$ depends on the number of space dimensions. Also discussed are the quantized states of bubbles and the amplitudes of their formation and decay.
Gorsky A. S.
Voloshin Mikhail B.
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