Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Theory
Scientific paper
2000-04-18
JHEP 0006:006,2000
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Theory
30 pages, 1 figure. v2: minor changes, references added
Scientific paper
10.1088/1126-6708/2000/06/006
A four-form gauge flux makes a variable contribution to the cosmological constant. This has often been assumed to take continuous values, but we argue that it has a generalized Dirac quantization condition. For a single flux the steps are much larger than the observational limit, but we show that with multiple fluxes the allowed values can form a sufficiently dense `discretuum'. Multiple fluxes generally arise in M theory compactifications on manifolds with non-trivial three-cycles. In theories with large extra dimensions a few four-forms suffice; otherwise of order 100 are needed. Starting from generic initial conditions, the repeated nucleation of membranes dynamically generates regions with a cosmological constant in the observational range. Entropy and density perturbations can be produced.
Bousso Raphael
Polchinski Joseph
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