Physics – Quantum Physics
Scientific paper
2009-09-07
Nature Physics 6, 659-662 (2010)
Physics
Quantum Physics
5 pages plus 12 of supplementary information. Updated to match the journal version
Scientific paper
10.1038/nphys1734
The uncertainty principle, originally formulated by Heisenberg, dramatically illustrates the difference between classical and quantum mechanics. The principle bounds the uncertainties about the outcomes of two incompatible measurements, such as position and momentum, on a particle. It implies that one cannot predict the outcomes for both possible choices of measurement to arbitrary precision, even if information about the preparation of the particle is available in a classical memory. However, if the particle is prepared entangled with a quantum memory, a device which is likely to soon be available, it is possible to predict the outcomes for both measurement choices precisely. In this work we strengthen the uncertainty principle to incorporate this case, providing a lower bound on the uncertainties which depends on the amount of entanglement between the particle and the quantum memory. We detail the application of our result to witnessing entanglement and to quantum key distribution.
Berta Mario
Christandl Matthias
Colbeck Roger
Renes Joseph M.
Renner Renato
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