Physics – Quantum Physics
Scientific paper
2000-08-29
Phys. Rev. A 63, 042106 (2001)
Physics
Quantum Physics
15 pages, 5 figures and 1 table, new figure to illustrate results, improved explanation of statistical analysis
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevA.63.042106
By limiting the resolution of quantum measurements, the measurement induced changes of the quantum state can be reduced, permitting subsequent measurements of variables that do not commute with the initially measured property. It is then possible to experimentally determine correlations between non-commuting variables. The application of this method to the polarization statistics of entangled photon pairs reveals that negative conditional probabilities between non-orthogonal polarization components are responsible for the violation of Bell's inequalities. Such negative probabilities can also be observed in finite resolution measurements of the polarization of a single photon. The violation of Bell's inequalities therefore originates from local properties of the quantum statistics of single photon polarization.
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