Quantum Information and Relativity Theory

Details Quantum Information and Relativity Theory Quantum Information and Relativity Theory

2002-12-04

arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0212023v2

Rev.Mod.Phys.76:93-123,2004

Physics

Quantum Physics

32 pages RevTeX4,4 figures, submitted to RMP. Some parts of the text deleted, many others substantially expanded and updated.

Scientific paper

10.1103/RevModPhys.76.93

Quantum mechanics, information theory, and relativity theory are the basic foundations of theoretical physics. The acquisition of information from a quantum system is the interface of classical and quantum physics. Essential tools for its description are Kraus matrices and positive operator valued measures (POVMs). Special relativity imposes severe restrictions on the transfer of information between distant systems. Quantum entropy is not a Lorentz covariant concept. Lorentz transformations of reduced density matrices for entangled systems may not be completely positive maps. Quantum field theory, which is necessary for a consistent description of interactions, implies a fundamental trade-off between detector reliability and localizability. General relativity produces new, counterintuitive effects, in particular when black holes (or more generally, event horizons) are involved. Most of the current concepts in quantum information theory may then require a reassessment.

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