Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Theory
Scientific paper
2007-12-20
Phys.Rev.D77:103514,2008
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Theory
15 pages, 2 figures, v3 PRD format minor editing addressing reviewers comment
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevD.77.103514
After commenting briefly on the role of the typicality assumption in science, we advocate a phenomenological approach to the cosmological measure problem. Like any other theory, a measure should be simple, general, well-defined, and consistent with observation. This allows us to proceed by elimination. As an example, we consider the proper time cutoff on a geodesic congruence. It predicts that typical observers are quantum fluctuations in the early universe, or Boltzmann babies. We sharpen this well-known youngness problem by taking into account the expansion and open spatial geometry of pocket universes. Moreover, we relate the youngness problem directly to the probability distribution for observables, such as the temperature of the cosmic background radiation. We consider a number of modifications of the proper time measure, but find none that would make it compatible with observation.
Bousso Raphael
Freivogel Ben
Yang I-Sheng
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