Proton Decay, Yukawa Couplings and Underlying Gauge Symmetry in String Theory

Details Proton Decay, Yukawa Couplings and Underlying Gauge Symmetry in String Theory Proton Decay, Yukawa Couplings and Underlying Gauge Symmetry in String Theory

2006-02-23

arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0602238v2

Nucl.Phys.B747:212-265,2006

Physics

High Energy Physics

High Energy Physics - Theory

73 pages

Scientific paper

10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2006.04.025

In string theory, massless particles often originate from a symmetry breaking of a large gauge symmetry G to its subgroup H. The absence of dimension-4 proton decay in supersymmetric theories suggests that (\bar{D},L) are different from \bar{H}(\bar{\bf 5}) in their origins. In this article, we consider a possibility that they come from different irreducible components in $\mathfrak{g}/\mathfrak{h}$. Requiring that all the Yukawa coupling constants of quarks and leptons be generated from the super Yang--Mills interactions of G, we found in the context of Georgi--Glashow H=SU(5) unification that the minimal choice of G is E_7 and E_8 is the only alternative. This idea is systematically implemented in Heterotic String, M theory and F theory, confirming the absence of dimension 4 proton decay operators. Not only H=SU(5) but also G constrain operators of effective field theories, providing non-trivial information.

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