Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Scientific paper
1997-02-03
Acta Phys.Polon. B27 (1996) 3455-3480
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
19 pages, LATEX, 8 figures, .ps. Based on lectures given at the XXXVIth Cracow School of Theoretical Physics, Zakopane, Poland
Scientific paper
The QCD expectations for the behaviour of the deep inelastic scattering structure functions in the region of small values of the Bjorken parameter $x$ are summarized. The Balitzkij, Lipatov, Fadin, Kuraev (BFKL) equation which sums the leading powers of $\alpha_s ln(1/x)$ is described and confronted with the "conventional" formalism based on the leading order QCD evolution equations. The small $x$ behaviour of the spin dependent structure function $g_1$ is also discussed. The dedicated measurements of the hadronic final state in deep inelastic scattering at small $x$ probing the QCD pomeron are described. This includes discussion of the deep inelastic scattering accompanied by forward jets as well as production of forward prompt photons and $\pi^0$-s. Finally the basic facts concerning the deep inelastic diffraction are briefly summarized.
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