Projective Hilbert space structures at exceptional points

Details Projective Hilbert space structures at exceptional points Projective Hilbert space structures at exceptional points

2007-04-10

arxiv.org/abs/0704.1291v3

J.Phys. A40 (2007) 8815

Physics

Mathematical Physics

20 pages; discussion extended, refs added; to appear in J. Phys. A: Math. Theor

Scientific paper

10.1088/1751-8113/40/30/014

A non-Hermitian complex symmetric 2x2 matrix toy model is used to study projective Hilbert space structures in the vicinity of exceptional points (EPs). The bi-orthogonal eigenvectors of a diagonalizable matrix are Puiseux-expanded in terms of the root vectors at the EP. It is shown that the apparent contradiction between the two incompatible normalization conditions with finite and singular behavior in the EP-limit can be resolved by projectively extending the original Hilbert space. The complementary normalization conditions correspond then to two different affine charts of this enlarged projective Hilbert space. Geometric phase and phase jump behavior are analyzed and the usefulness of the phase rigidity as measure for the distance to EP configurations is demonstrated. Finally, EP-related aspects of PT-symmetrically extended Quantum Mechanics are discussed and a conjecture concerning the quantum brachistochrone problem is formulated.

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