Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Theory
Scientific paper
2007-10-26
Phys.Rev.D77:085005,2008
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Theory
11 pages, 3 figures, improvements in the presentation, version to appear in Physical Review D
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevD.77.085005
We study the dynamical localization of a massless gauge field on a lower-dimensional surface (2-brane). In flat space, the necessary and sufficient condition for this phenomenon is the existence of confinement in the bulk. The resulting configuration is equivalent to a dual Josephson junction. This duality leads to an interesting puzzle, as it implies that a localized massless theory, even in the Abelian case, must become confining at exponentially large distances. Through the use of topological arguments we clarify the physics behind this large-distance confinement and identify the instantons of the brane world-volume theory that are responsible for its appearance. We show that they correspond to the (condensed) bulk magnetic charges (monopoles), that occasionally tunnel through the brane and induce weak confinement of the brane theory. We consider the possible generalization of this effect to higher dimensions and discuss phenomenological bounds on the confinement of electric charges at exponentially large distances within our Universe.
Dvali Gia
Nielsen Holger Bech
Tetradis Nikolaos
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