Quantifying Radial Diffusion of Radiation Belt Electrons Based on Global MHD Simulation Validated by GOES and THEMIS Measurements

Physics

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[2720] Magnetospheric Physics / Energetic Particles: Trapped, [2752] Magnetospheric Physics / Mhd Waves And Instabilities, [2772] Magnetospheric Physics / Plasma Waves And Instabilities, [2774] Magnetospheric Physics / Radiation Belts

Scientific paper

Radial diffusion is one of the most important acceleration mechanisms for radiation belt electrons, which is due to the drift-resonant interactions with large-scale fluctuations of the magnetosphere's magnetic and electric fields (Pc4 and Pc5 ranges of ULF waves). A key step in radial diffusion simulations is to quantify the radial diffusion coefficient, which is related to the power spectral density and global mode structure of the ULF waves. However, difficulties in determining the global properties of ULF waves have guided researchers towards specifying empirical forms of the diffusion coefficient, introducing additional uncertainties in the radiation belt studies. In order to quantify the radial diffusion, we run the global MHD simulations to obtain the mode structure and power spectrum of the ULF waves and validate the simulation results with available satellite measurements, such as GOES and THEMIS measurements. The calculated diffusion coefficient is shown to be dominated by the contribution from magnetic field perturbations, and much less from the electric field perturbations. Fast diffusion is found to generally occur when solar wind dynamic pressure is high or nightside geomagnetic activity is strong and with faster diffusion at higher L regions.

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