Primary proton spectrum around the knee deduced from the emulsion-chamber data obtained at Mts. Fuji and Kanbala

Details Primary proton spectrum around the knee deduced from the emulsion-chamber data obtained at Mts. Fuji and Kanbala Primary proton spectrum around the knee deduced from the emulsion-chamber data obtained at Mts. Fuji and Kanbala

Mar 2003

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2003aph....18..637h&link_type=abstract

Astroparticle Physics, Volume 18, Issue 6, p. 637-648.

Physics

10

Scientific paper

We have done extensive Monte Carlo simulations using the new simulation codes of CORSIKA and COSMOS to compare with the gamma-family data obtained at Mts. Fuji (3750 m above sea level) and Kanbala (5500 m above sea level). Then, we estimated the primary proton and helium spectra around the knee energy region using a multiple-layered feed-forward neural network as a classifier of primary particle kind. The selection efficiency of proton-induced family events is estimated to be 82%. The flux value of protons at 2×1015 eV is (5.5+/-1.5)×10-14 (m-2s-1sr-1GeV-1). The result suggests heavy-enriched primary composition around the knee region.

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