Physics – Geophysics
Scientific paper
May 1989
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1989rvgeo..27..271g&link_type=abstract
Reviews of Geophysics (ISSN 8755-1209), vol. 27, May 1989, p. 271-292.
Physics
Geophysics
786
Charged Particles, Interplanetary Dust, Planetary Magnetospheres, Planetary Rings, Plasma Potentials, Angular Momentum, Electrodynamics, Gravitational Effects, Jupiter Rings, Planetary Magnetic Fields, Plasma Temperature, Uranus Rings, Solar System, Dust, Plasma, Charged Particles, Grains, Electrodynamics, Motion, Rings, Electrostatic Effects, Models, Parameters, Diagrams, Spokes, Formation, Origin, Radial Transport, Plasma Waves, Density Waves, Calculations, Gravity Effects, Electrical Effects, Magnetosphe
Scientific paper
The processes that lead to charging of dust grains in a plasma are briefly reviewed. Whereas for single grains the results have been long known, the reduction of the average charge on a grain by 'Debye screening' has only recently been discovered. This reduction can be important in the Jovian ring and in the rings of Uranus. The emerging field of gravitoelectrodynamics which deals with the motion of charged grains in a planetary magnetosphere is then reviewed. Important mechanisms for distributing grains in radial distance are due to stochastic fluctuations of the grain charge and a systematic variation due to motion through plasma gradients. The electrostatic levitation model for the formation of spokes is discussed, and it is shown that the radial transport of dust contained in the spokes may be responsible for the rich radial structure in Saturn's rings. Finally, collective effects in dusty plasmas are discussed which affect various waves, such as density waves in planetary rings and low-frequency plasma waves. The possibility of charged grains forming a Coulomb lattice is briefly described.
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