Physics
Scientific paper
Oct 1992
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1992phrvd..46.3576a&link_type=abstract
Physical Review D (Particles, Fields, Gravitation, and Cosmology), Volume 46, Issue 8, 15 October 1992, pp.3576-3586
Physics
15
Spontaneous Breaking Of Gauge Symmetries, Particle-Theory And Field-Theory Models Of The Early Universe
Scientific paper
Broken gauge symmetries are typically restored at high temperature, and the critical temperature Tc can be found to leading order by a simple, one-loop calculation in a renormalizable gauge. However, the one-loop calculation in unitary gauge yields a different result than in typical renormalizable gauges, and it has long been a puzzle how to calculate thermal quantities in unitary gauge. We show in the Abelian Higgs model that, for temperature T small compared to Tc, the loop expansion in unitary gauge is an expansion in T2/T2c. Thus, all orders in the loop expansion are relevant to the leading-order determination of the critical temperature. By explicit two-loop calculation, we verify that gauge-invariant quantities such as the effective scalar mass and the free energy of the vacuum agree with renormalizable gauge results to the corresponding order in T2/T2c. To this order, the equivalence of unitary and renormalizable gauges may be succinctly summarized by the corresponding high-temperature effective Lagrangians, which differ only by a nonlinear field redefinition.
Arnold Peter
Braaten Eric
Vokos Stamatis
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