Physics
Scientific paper
Feb 1984
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1984lpsc...14..685l&link_type=abstract
(American Geophysical Union and NASA, Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 14th, Houston, TX, Mar. 14-18, 1983) Journal of Ge
Physics
1
Gneiss, Impact Melts, Mica, Planetary Evolution, Shock Heating, Vitrification, Biotite, Geochemistry, Meteoritic Composition, Moisture Content, Muscovite, Phase Transformations, Silicates, Tektites
Scientific paper
Powder-propellant guns are used to shock biotites and muscovites from a gneiss at pressures between 18 and 70 GPa. It is shown that shock in biotite and muscovite can produce homogeneous and devolatilized glasses within microseconds. Shock-deformed micas are found to exhibit fracturing, kinking, and complex extinction patterns over the entire pressure range investigated. Localized melting of micas commences at 33 GPa and reaches completion at 70 GPa. Even though melted biotite and muscovite are opaque optically, they exhibit extensive microvesiculation and flow when observed with the SEM. It is confirmed through electron diffraction that biotite and muscovite have transformed to a glass. The distribution of vesicles in shock-vitrified mica reveals escape of volatiles within the short duration of the shock experiment. It is noted that experimentally shocked biotite and muscovite undergo congruent melting. It is noted that the compositions of the glasses are similar to the unshocked micas except for volatiles (H2O loss and and K loss). These unusual glasses produced from mica can be quenched by rapid cooling conditions during the shock experiment. On the basis of the results, it is pointed out that the extremely low H2O content of tektites can be reconciled with a terrestrial origin by impact.
Lambert Ph.
MacKinnon Ian D. R.
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