Impact cratering and spall failure of gabbro

Details Impact cratering and spall failure of gabbro Impact cratering and spall failure of gabbro

Jun 1984

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1984icar...58..383l&link_type=abstract

Icarus (ISSN 0019-1035), vol. 58, June 1984, p. 383-395. Previously announced in STAR as N84-13704.

Physics

25

Craters, Gabbro, Hypervelocity Impact, Impact Damage, Ejecta, Geology, Projectiles, Planets, Cratering, Impacts, Spalling, Gabbro, Experiments, Diagrams, Hypervelocity, Dynamics, Strength, Ejecta, Thickness, Craters, Size, Volume, Diameter, Fragments, Shear, Strain, Parameters, Fractures, Models, Escape, Data, Minerals, Procedure, Samples, Terrestrial, Photomicrographs, Microscopic Observations

Scientific paper

Both hypervelocity impact and dynamic spall experiments were carried out on a series of well-indurated samples of gabbro. The impact experiments carried out with 0.04 to 0.2 g, 5-6 km/sec projectiles produced deci-centimeter-sized craters and demonstrated crater efficiencies of 6/10 to the -9 g/erg, and order of magnitude greater than in metal and some two to three times that of previous experiments on less strong igneous rocks. Most of the crater volume (some 60 to 80 percent) is due to spall failure. Distribution of cumulative fragment number, as a function of mass of fragments with masses greater than 0.1 gram yield values of b = d(log10Nf)dlog10(m) of -0.5 to -0.6, where Nf is the cumulate number of fragments and m is the mass of fragments. These values are in agreement or slightly higher than those obtained for less strong rocks and indicate that a large fraction of the ejecta resides in a few large fragments.

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