Physics
Scientific paper
Jan 2002
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002mwoc.conf....3c&link_type=abstract
Multi-Wavelength Observations of Coronal Structure and Dynamics -- Yohkoh 10th Anniversary Meeting. Proceedings of the conferenc
Physics
2
Scientific paper
Coronal holes are the darkest regions of the ultraviolet and X-ray Sun, both on the disk and away from the limb. Coronal holes are associated with rapidly expanding open magnetic fields and the acceleration of the high-speed solar wind. This presentation will review measurements of the plasma properties of coronal holes and how these measurements have been used to put constraints on theoretical models of coronal heating and solar wind acceleration. Heat deposition at the dense and collisional coronal base is of comparable importance (in determining, e.g., temperature gradients and asymptotic outflow speeds) as extended heating in the collisionless regions above 2 solar radii. Thus, a complete understanding of the physics requires both observations of the solar disk and inner corona (Yohkoh, EIT, CDS, SUMER) and coronagraphic observations of the wind's acceleration region (UVCS, LASCO). Although strong evidence has been found to suggest that the high-speed wind is driven mainly by proton pressure, the differences between proton, electron, and heavy ion velocity distributions are extremely valuable as probes of the dominant physical processes.
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