Physics – Nuclear Physics
Scientific paper
Jul 2005
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2005nupha.758..263n&link_type=abstract
Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 758, p.263-271
Physics
Nuclear Physics
7
Scientific paper
Recent studies of core-collapse supernovae have revealed the existence of two distinct classes of massive supernovae (SNe): 1) very energetic SNe (Hypernovae), whose kinetic energy exceeds 1052 erg, about 10 times the KE of normal core-collapse SNe, and 2) very faint and low energy SNe (E˜0.5×1051 erg; Faint supernovae). These two classes of supernovae are likely to be "black-hole-forming" supernovae with rotating or non-rotating black holes. Nucleosynthesis in Hypernovae is characterized by larger abundance ratios (Zn,Co,V,Ti)/Fe and smaller (Mn,Cr)/Fe than normal supernovae, which can explain the observed trend of these ratios in extremely metal-poor stars. Nucleosynthesis in Faint supernovae is characterized by a large amount of fall-back. We show that the abundance pattern of the most Fe-poor star, HE0107-5240, and other extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars are in good accord with those of black-hole-forming supernovae, but not pair-instability supernovae. This suggests that black-hole-forming supernovae made important contributions to the early Galactic (and cosmic) chemical evolution. Finally we discuss the nature of First (Pop III) Stars.
Deng Jian
Maeda Kengo
Nomoto Ken
Ohkubo Takuya
Tominaga Nozomu
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