The Role of Electrodynamics In The Storm-Time Electron Density Response Of The Earth’s Ionosphere

Physics

Scientific paper

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[2411] Ionosphere / Electric Fields, [2431] Ionosphere / Ionosphere/Magnetosphere Interactions, [2441] Ionosphere / Ionospheric Storms

Scientific paper

The ionospheric electron density response during geomagnetic storms is varied and complex, changing dramatically as a function of latitude and local time. Spatial extent of the response ranges from planetary scale to the order of a few hundred kilometers. The temporal variations vary from time scales of minutes to days. It is clear that electrodynamics is a major driver of the changing electron density, but many unanswered questions exist. At subauroral latitudes, subauroral polarization stream (SAPS) electric fields play a role, as does the electric field associated with expanded auroral zone convection. At middle to low latitudes, penetration electric fields, magnetospheric electric fields and disturbance dynamo electric fields transport plasma vertically and zonally to great effect. We present the results of detailed studies of electron density changes during storms to demonstrate our present understanding of this phenomenon. We will highlight new questions that have arisen with the new data analysis results. Measurements of the physical drivers responsible for electron density changes have not kept pace with the explosion of the quantity of electron density data. We will describe the critical scientific questions posed by this situation, and suggest measurement systems that are needed to improve our scientific understanding of space storms.

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