Ion-hydrates, their precursors and water vapour in the mesosphere and the lower thermosphere

Physics

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Atmospheric Chemistry, Atmospheric Moisture, Hydrates, Mesosphere, Molecular Ions, Thermosphere, Water Vapor, Chemical Reactions, Flux (Rate), Ion Density (Concentration), Ion Production Rates, Lyman Alpha Radiation, Molecular Interactions, Nitrogen Ions

Scientific paper

Two reaction schemes of ion-hydrate formation are considered. Both schemes require high concentrations of water vapor at a level of 85 km. It is shown that N2+ ion is the most probable initial ion in both reaction chains. Other ions can contribute to H3O+ and other ion-hydrate production. This contribution is much less than that of N2+ ions even though measurable quantities of H2O+ ions were detected at altitudes of 70 to 85 km. Difficulties involved with energy flux in L-alpha that arise as a consequence of high H2O concentrations are discussed.

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