Contribution from pulsars

Physics

Scientific paper

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Atmospheric Radiation, Cosmic Ray Showers, Energy Spectra, Primary Cosmic Rays, Pulsars, Acceleration (Physics), Particle Flux Density, Secondary Cosmic Rays

Scientific paper

A detailed review of the information on the primary cosmic-ray spectrum in the energy interval from 1 to 10,000 TeV is given. Methods based on the analysis of the secondary cosmic rays in the atmosphere are described, and the results are discussed. By using quantitative predictions based on the mechanism suggested by Gunn and Ostriker (1969), and experimental information about pulsars, the energy spectrum of primary cosmic rays is obtained. Under the assumption that the confinement time of the cosmic rays at energies around 1000 TeV is of the order of one million years, the energy spectrum obtained agrees with the experimental observations in the energy interval from 100 to 10,000 TeV. Different mechanisms of acceleration are required below and above the stated energies.

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