Near-surface Ice on Mars: Early Results from the 2001 Mars Odyssey Gamma Ray Spectrometer (GRS) Instrument Suite

Physics

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1060 Planetary Geochemistry (5405, 5410, 5704, 5709, 6005, 6008)

Scientific paper

The Mars Odyssey Gamma-Ray Spectrometer (GRS) is a suite of three different instruments that share a common electronics box and complimentary scientific objectives. The instruments are the GRS proper, the Neutron Spectrometer (NS) and the High-Energy Neutron Detector (HEND). This instrument is a follow-on instrument to the GRS that was lost on the Mars Observer Mission in 1993. Shortly after turning on the instrument in February, 2002, we observed a large signal due to hydrogen in the near surface. The signal was seen in all three instruments of the suite and is based on two different measurements neutrons and gamma rays. The presence of hydrogen was observed with the the 2223 keV emission line of hydrogen and by the significant decrease in the abundance of epithermal neutrons. Preliminary analysis suggests that the data are consistent with a subsurface ice-rich layer covered by an upper layer that is ice poor.

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