Physics
Scientific paper
Jul 1978
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1978pthph..60..123h&link_type=abstract
Progress of Theoretical Physics, Vol. 60, No. 1, pp. 123-135
Physics
40
Scientific paper
Thermodynamics of self-gravitating gas system, which is enclosed by an adiabatic spherical wall, is discussed. When the temperature distribution is isothermal, the system is in thermodynamic equilibrium in the sense that the first order variation of the total entropy of the system vanishes. However, the second order variation of the total entropy may be positive, when the effect of gravity exceeds a certain limit. Then, the system may evolve to make its entropy increase. This is the gravothermal catastrophe, which was pointed out first by Antonov in 1962, but for which some questions were raised concerning its reality. In the present paper, this catastrophe is analysed by extending functional space of variation to include non-isothermal perturbations. It results in two merits: It is most convenient to make a close relation with usual concepts in the thermodynamics of irreversible process, and the present formulation does not contain any singular quantities which brought a confusion in the interpretation of the real physical processes.
Hachisu Izumi
Sugimoto Daiichiro
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