Shock versus stochastic acceleration of impulsive solar flare protons

Physics

Scientific paper

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Particle Acceleration, Shock Waves, Solar Flares, Solar Protons, Stochastic Processes, Energy Transfer, Gamma Rays, Magnetohydrodynamic Waves, Mass Transfer, Solar Magnetic Field, Turbulence Effects

Scientific paper

The two major candidates for proton acceleration in impulsive γ-ray producing flares, shock and stochastic acceleration, are considered in light of recent observations of mass motions and turbulence in flares. It is concluded that the primary energy release must occur close to the temperature minimum region. It is shown that energy can propagate upwards in the form of fast magnetosonic waves which become evanescent in the transition region, converting a large fraction of their energy to mass motions and turbulence. It is shown that shock acceleration is a viable candidate at velocities slightly higher than present observations. It is also shown that shocks must be driven by a mass of material which would be visible in coronal lines such as Ca XIX for them to be energetically important in proton acceleration. Stochastic acceleration is also examined. It is shown that this is a viable acceleration mechanism within a large range of presently observed turbulence. It is concluded that although present observations favor stochastic acceleration, no definitive conclusion can be made without higher spatial resolution observations and additional theoretical work.

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