Entanglement of biphoton states: qutrits and ququarts

Details Entanglement of biphoton states: qutrits and ququarts Entanglement of biphoton states: qutrits and ququarts

Aug 2011

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2011njph...13h3004f&link_type=abstract

New Journal of Physics, Volume 13, Issue 8, pp. 083004 (2011).

Physics

1

Scientific paper

We investigate, in a general form, entanglement of biphoton qutrits and ququarts, i.e. states formed in the processes of, correspondingly, degenerate and non-degenerate spontaneous parametric down-conversion. Indistinguishability of photons and, for ququarts, joint presence of the frequency and polarization entanglement are fully taken into account. In the case of qutrits, the most general three-parametric families of maximally entangled and non-entangled states are found, and anticorrelation of the degree of entanglement and polarization is shown to occur and to be characterized by a rather simple formula. Biphoton ququarts are shown to be two-qudits with the single-photon Hilbert space dimensionality d=4, which differentiates them significantly from the often used two-qubit model (d=2). New expressions for entanglement quantifiers of biphoton ququarts are derived and discussed. Rather simple procedures for a direct measurement of the degree of entanglement are described for both qutrits and ququarts.

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