Physics
Scientific paper
Jan 1998
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1998fsam.conf..133m&link_type=abstract
From the Sun: Auroras Magnetic Storms, Solar Flares, Cosmic Rays, p. 133
Physics
2
Interstellar Radiation, Heliosphere, Galactic Cosmic Rays, Solar Wind, Solar Physics, Radiation Belts, Stars, Sun, Spacecraft Components, Solar System, Populations, Pioneer 10 Space Probe, Particle Acceleration, Geomagnetism, Energetic Particles, Bubbles
Scientific paper
Since the beginning of the space age, it was known that two main populations of energetic particles pervade interplanetary space: Galactic cosmic rays (GCRS), which originate in sources outside the solar system, and solar energetic particles (SEPs), associated with transient events on the Sun. But over 20 years ago, instruments on the Pioneer 10, IMP 5, and IMP 7 spacecraft discovered a third component of energetic particles known as "anomalous cosmic rays" (ACRs), that represents a sample of nearby inter-stellar material. Over the past 2 decades, ACRs have been used to study the acceleration and transport of energetic particles within the solar system, deduce the global properties of the heliosphere-the bubble of solar wind that envelopes the solar system, and study the interstellar material itself. It has recently been shown that some of these ACRs become trapped in Earth's magnetic field, where they form a radiation belt composed of interstellar material. Also, ACRs are being used to address a question that has existed ever since the discovery of the solar wind: "How large is the heliosphere?"
Cummings Alan C.
Mewaldt Richard A.
Stone Edward C.
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